Distortions
All charts do not start at zero
Contrary to what you might have read in How to Lie with Statistics ...
Show the global temperature with a range of zero to 100 and then with a reasonable range of 54-58.
Poor aspect ratio
When try to wedge information into a space that constraints or exaggerates our ability to show the data, we often mislead the reader into seeing a misrepresentation of the data.
Take this data on aging...
Is it a distortion if it highlights the intended information?
Economic data scatterplot example